Vectored thrust
Thrust vectoring is a means or changing the direction of the gas stream and hence the reaction or thrust to meet the requirements of STOVL (Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing) aircraft. An example is the PEGASUS turbofan which powers the Harrier. This engine has four linked, swivelling nozzles to direct the gas stream from vertically downward for upward lift, through an arc to horizontally rearward for conventional forward flight. In the Pegasus the bypass air is discharged through the two front nozzles and the hot exhaust gas through the two rear nozzles.

LiftJets
Liftjets are lightweight, compact turbojets installed vertically in an aircraft to provide vertical thrust for take-off, hover and landing. They are not used in forward flight.

RamJets
A ramjet is in effect a turbojet from which the compressor and turbine have been removed. Compression is achieved by the ram effect in the intake created by forward motion, so the ramjet can operate efficiently only above Mach 1, the speed of sound.

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