Salir By JAUME OLLE.
Copyright - Todos los derechos reservados; reproducción solo con permiso escrito.
THE ENGLISH VERSION IS ONLY A COMPUTER TRANSLATION OF THE ORIGINAL SPANISH VERSION
KOSOVO
As already it was informed in the previous Bulletin the flag of the selfproclaimed Republic of Kosovo, directed by Ibrahim Rugova, uses a flag identical to the one of state of Albania. Nevertheless this flag has clear national connotations, that is to say it is considered the flag of the Albanian nation, more than the flag of one of the possibles Albanian states. The Albanians as people would would have a common flag, while each one of the three states that intend to form (Albania own, Ilyrije in Macedonia, and Kosovo in Serbia) would would have different idetificative flag , though the flag of the Albanian nation and of the current Albanian state are coincident, and logically would be the flag of the reunified state of Albania.
2 July 1990 Kosovo selfproclaimed republic within Yugoeslavian Federation; the central government supresed the autonomous status 5 July 1990. The flag used fater this date was generally the Albanian flag, that is suposed adopted when the independent republic was selfproclaimed 7 September 1990, and that was used probably until 1992
22 of March 1998 the Republic of Kosovo celebrated parliamentary elections, in those which took part 80% of the census. They were not celebrated in the districts ofSrbica, Klina, and Glogovac, where days before had taken place the performance of the serbian army and police against the nationalists. The voting was declared illegal by Serbia but the kosovar people did not listen the prohibition. Some Albanian opposition parties did not participate in protest by the police action - to fight in Drenica, considering that by such cause the elections had to be have discontinued. Most of the voters was pronounced in favor of the president Ibrahim Rugova, only candidate. Rugova said that the extent of the vote was a demonstration of the support to the independence, the freedom, the democracy and the peace.
In the demonstrations of the month of March of 1998 could deal other flags. The most important demonstrations took place in Pristina, and were exhibited Albanian flags, with various variations, and black-red-black flag with the registration in the center "R. Kosoves" (purportedly by Republic of Kosovo) and two bicephalic eagles.
By mid March, in a demonstration in Tirana in favor of the Kosovar people, were appearing abundant flags of the Democratic Party of the former president Salih Berisha.
RECENT HISTORY
The first flag used in Kosovo was the Albanian with the star of the Yugoeslavian release . The use of the Albanian national flag, as well as the flag of other nations, with the addition of the star, was authorized in theYugoeslavia of Tito. This flag appeared in a program of the Catalan Television in the eighties and after was seen repetitively in the demonstrations that toward 1989 carried out the kosovar people to obtain the statute of Republic within Yugoeslavia (in that moment were a autonomous province). A good photo appeared in the Volume 178, nŗ 2, of the National Geographic ( 1990 August). It were used without doubt before Kosovo reached the statute of autonomous province in 1974.
Since then the principal events were the following
- 27 of February of 1989: Belgrade sends troops to put an end to the miners and student demonstrations that were claiming the statute of republic within the Federation. The emergency state is declared.
- 23 March 1989: Serbia annuls the provincial statute outstanding from 1974. The popular demonstrations are cruelly repressed by the serbian police. Eslovenia it does not delay in withdrawing its police quotas.
- 1990 July: All the Albanian political institutions in Kosovo are dissolved after a referendum in Serbia that approved the constitutional changes that were including the suppression of the Statute of autonomy in Kosovo and Voivodina.
- September of 1991: After a referendum (clandestine) the Kosovo people proclaim the Republic of Kosovo. Albania recognizes it. The star yet continues appearing in the flag.
- 24 May 1992: They are established Albanian parallel institutions (clandestine) and is chosen a National Assembly of 130 members. The Democratic League of Kosovo obtains the majority and its leader Ibrahim Rugova is nominated president. After the suppression of the star in the flag of Albania (suppressed of facto from 7 April 1992 but officially 22 May 1993) the star begins to disappear from the Kosovo flag . The use of the flag with star, nevertheless, is not extinguished, since many Albanian yet preserve these flags.
- February of 1996: First military actions of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA-UCK).
- September of 1997: The student demonstrations requesting the teaching in albanese are repressed by the serbian police.
- 20 November 1997: Belgrade rejects the French-German petition of restoring the autonomy of Kosovo.
- 9 December 1997: Washington imposes sanctions to the Federal Republic of Yugoeslavia (Serbia and Montenegro).
- 30 January 1998: Ibrahim Rugova requests a international protectorate by a period of two years.
- 28 February 1998 to 1 March 1998: Massacres of the serbian army and police in the region of Drenica, Central Kosovo. In some coffin of the Kosovar men died in the demonstrations of the second half of March1998 can deal the Albanian flag with the star of the socialistic Yugoeslavia; but the majority are covered by the Albanian flag.
In the demonstrations of the 24 of March was seen a red flag with triangle black in the canton covering some two-thirds of the long, and a white registration, unfortunately illegible (since the image was very small) compound of three lines, being the longest the superior and the shortest the central. Probable reconstruction. Probable reconstruction
They have been seen other varying of flag:
Flag with the eagle near shaft:
Flag with the eagle rotated 90ŗ (the head toward the shaft)
The struggle of the kosovar people is directed by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) whose actions are accomplished under the national flag of Kosovo (that is to say the Albanian flag). It is not known the flag of the organization as such, but the emblem that shine the soldiers in the sleeves, lapels or caps is red and contains the black bicephalic eagle and the letters UĒK (Ushtria Ēlirimtare e Kosovės) in yellow. (KLA in english) Probably their flag not defer much of the emblem.
Other independentist emblems:
[imagen] [imagen]
According to was informed 21 of April the UCK (KLA) controls the villages of Glamocelj, Glodjane, Rznic, Dubrava, Crni Breg, Prilib, Ratise, Lubarda and Maznik. In June the KLA has the control of the half of the country.
Act in Pristina the Council for the defence of Human rights and freedoms in Pristina (Kėshilli pėr Mbrojtjen e tė Drejtave dhe Lirive tė Njeriut nė Prishtinė), that has a logo in the one which, of course, they prevail the black and red colors.
Adem Demaci, leader of the Parliamentary Party of Kosova and a political rival of the elected president Ibrahim Rugova in a press declaration appear with a little different Kosovo flag, perhaps the party flag. Demaci's party want are the political branch of the KLA (UCK)
The only reported party flag until recent times is the flag of the Kosovar Albanian Party
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my e-mail: jolle@ctv.es
Last modification: February 14, 1997.